Our Time PressThe Local Paper with the Global View

Part II of a two part Interview
Paul Robeson Jr.:  The interests of a vast majority of African Americans, has always been very clear.   And that is a society that includes economic justice as a right, along with political justice.  Even the Pope is for that.  So in that case, a totally free-market economy is against our interests.   Totally.
 
We’ve always been a communal culture.  Beginning with Africa, and every year since then up to 1998.  African-Americans are more communal-minded than Anglo-Saxon Americans.  We’re a vastly greater percentage of organized union membership than white people.   You look at the unions today; we’re thirteen percent of the population, thirty-something percent of the unions.  That tells you something.  We’ve been pro-union all our lives.  Ever since Roosevelt we’ve been their backbone.  Why? Because it’s in our interests.  Why?  Because we’re a working-class people.   We’re not a middle-class people.   We’re a professional and working class people as opposed to an entrepreneurial people.  

We’ve got nothing against entrepreneurs.   But you’re not closer to God because you’re a big businessman or an entrepreneur.   The most prestigious thing in my generation and the generation before it was to be a hellified professional.  If you were an entrepreneur, you were small time.   Only recently have we gotten into the big corporations, and at that, with a ceiling.  What big corporation does a Black person actually run?  Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs aren’t the be-all and end-all of African-Americans as a people.  It’s not the most important segment of our population.  Nor are the interests of Black entrepreneurs the interests of the majority.    The opposite is true. In other words, whose interests do we pursue in advancing ourselves as a people? The role models who are busy making money through successful entrepreneurship and professional athletes, and entertainers?   Are their interests ours?  That’s called trickle up.  Bootstrap in black face.  See, I’ve made it.  Pick up your pants and pick a role model and be like Michael Jordan, or Bill Cosby, or whoever.  Now that’s one philosophy.   Another is, let’s pursue the interests of the Black working and professional people.  People who work for wages.   Who are below an income of 40 -50 thousand dollars a year, which is the vast majority, 80% or more.   Are their interests the most important things?  Or the interests of the top ten-twenty percent?    Now there are those who say we should be pursuing the interests of the bottom eighty percent.  Because if you have a solid base, trickle-up becomes a stream going up.  And in fact, it’s in the interests of the top ten percent, to make sure the eighty percent, is rising.  Then they will rise even faster.   The other philosophy is, the more successful the top five or ten or twenty percent is, the better it is for the bottom eighty- percent.  That’s the exact reverse.   One is, climb as high as you can and don’t look back, the other is lift while you climb.  Totally different philosophies.   So we have to choose at each crucial period, which idea is the best one.  And I’ve always been for Lift while you climb.  The interests of the eighty- percent are more important than the top twenty-percent.  That'[s true for white-folks too.   Only when the interests of the working people, the bottom eighty-percent were being pursued, was there a successful civil war and a reconstruction that was.  Then there was the Depression, and here comes Roosevelt.  Same thing.  Then there is the Civil Rights Movement and John Kennedy.   Now it’s the nineties, and it’s time for another one of those.

DG:  When you say entrepreneurs, there are entrepreneurs and there are entrepreneurs.   What about the little guy?  The guy across the street from me is an entrepreneur.  He employs three people part time.  There are entrepreneurs and there are entrepreneurs.  It seems that there is really a need for a real strong Black entrepreneurial class.
PRJ:  Let me put it to you this way.   A generation ago, there was no integration.  Meaning that Blacks were excluded from this integrated melting pot, right? 
DG:  Right, yes.
PRJ:  The only people being integrated were white immigrants.  That’s what the melting pot was about:  to integrate white immigrants and exclude Blacks.  But civil rights went with, Okay, we’re in the melting pot with everybody else.   We=re integrated.   We can’t have a separate country, and a separate bank, and a separate government, but being integrated does not mean we have to be like whites, anymore than integrated Jews or integrated Italians, have to be like WASPS. 

Now, if you want a powerful entrepreneurial class, go back to segregation.  The only doctor you’re going to find the only dentist you’re going to find is a Black one.  But now, how many Blacks go to White doctors.  How many go to White lawyers?  A generation ago, they couldn’t.  So you’ve got segregation.  You see my point? If you want a powerful entrepreneur class overnight, resegregate the country.  That surely will do it. 
DG:  Don’t we need a powerful Black entrepreneurial class?   It seems as though they are the ones who would be most likely to provide jobs.
PRJ:  How many jobs do they provide?
DG:  Well, statistically, most jobs are provided by small businesses. 
PRJ:  Small business is now defined as businesses employing hundreds of people.  Let me put it this way.   Supposed you put the question, don’t we need a lot of Black entrepreneurs?  Well that looks at it from the point of view of entrepreneurs?  If I were working in a factory, I’d shrug right?   
DG:  Yes, unless…
PRJ:   The only way I wouldn’t shrug is if the Black entrepreneur were providing me with…
DG:   A job.
PRJ:  No.  Primarily better service at a better price than I can get elsewhere.   Right now, the opposite is true.   If I go to Pathmark I get a better deal than if I buy from a mom and pop grocery right next door.   Therefore Black entrepreneurs, and they’re small, are going down the tubes at a huge rate.  They’re going out of business at a huge rate.  Where’s the Black newspapers?  I mean, anything you look at: Savings and Loans, you’ve got to look hard to find them.  So small businesses are getting wiped out by large businesses, which are classified like Microsoft.   Intermediate-sized businesses, which is a trick bag of how we use words.  Small business is up to a couple of hundred employees.   Most Black businesses are small: two to five employees.  That’s irrelevant to the needs of most people, Black, White or other.  Since the businesses that affect your life are like ten to twenty employees and up.   You don’t go buy a radio in a two-employee place, usually.  
Suppose we pose the question, with 30 million people, how do you go for a situation in which every Black person has a job?  If you ask the question that way, then it=s totally different than how do we increase the number of Black entrepreneurs.   It’s light-years different in thinking and in solution.   Right?
DG:  Well during slavery, everybody had a job.   Are you saying that everybody should have a job or, a full share of the opportunity to own businesses and create jobs?
PRJ:  No, no, no, that’s the wrong…
DG:  No?
PRJ:  That’s from a century ago.   Right now, huge conglomerates own manufacturing and business.  A group like Jewish Americans, get maligned a lot by Blacks who say, AThey own all the banks, they own everything. That’s nonsense.  Ninety percent of everything is still controlled by Anglo-Saxons.  Not White people now.  Not Italians, not Jews, none of that.  Anglo-Saxons.  The Rockefellers, Astors, Duponts.  Anglo-Saxons include Swedes, Dutch, French, Irish Protestant and Scotch Presbyterian.   The rest do not control very much.   Irish Catholics do not.  Jews do not.  There are certain niches.  Hollywood, for example.  But when you take the whole thing, those who decide the trend, Anglo-Saxons control the banks that lend to Hollywood moguls.  They run the show.  If you want to look at the politics, there has never been a non-Anglo-Saxon president until Kennedy.   And that’s why the Anglo-Saxon right assassinated him.  This Irish Catholic still thinks he’s an Irish Catholic and he hangs out with the Blacks.  He’s got to go.   The real Mafia is not the Italians or Jews, the real Mafia is Anglo-Saxon.   They do the real stuff.   They take out the real contracts. 
The idea that bootstraps, by of all people, a group as economically weak as African-Americans, can in the next 200 years make a dent in providing employment for Black people through small business is an incredible piece of fantasy. 
DG:  You think so?
PRJ:  Incredible fantasy.  If you took every Black business right now and assumed that they employed only Black people, which they don’t.  The requirements are, they have to meet the same affirmative action and diversity standards too.   So they have to hire some White folks, by law.   Or they won’t get contracts from the government.   If you take that economy and multiply it by ten, I assure you that if they hired all black folks, which they couldn’t, they couldn’t employ one tenth of the employable black population.
DG:  But that’s only because Blacks don’t usually shop in Black-owned stores, even when they have the option.  A lot of Black places have comparable goods, comparable prices, etcetera.
PRJ:  No.  There’s no way a small entrepreneur can beat Pathmark or a chain in anything except in service.  There’s no way a small store can sell a television set less than a huge conglomerate. 
DG:  But then how can…

Patricia Middleton talks about celebration and pain in the same sentence.  She has become a kind of griot, a genealogist of street history.  From her living room on Jefferson Avenue, she calls the names of victims of violence, recounts the last chapters in their lives, and relates how the mothers are coping. 

In one long sigh, she describes cruel ironies: a child was beaten and killed.  The officer claims he suffered an epileptic fit and his gun went off. 

As President of Families of Victims Against  Violence, formed in 1992 by Reverend Herbert Daughtry at House of the Lord Church on Atlantic Avenue, she knows the tragic stories and obituaries of many families.  They share them the second Monday of every month at 6pm at the church.

There is nothing maudlin here.  Pat has a great sense of humor.  It’s a mix of that rare southern homespun and urban kickbutt.  But along with the laughter there is always the sense of commitment to her mission to help families who are suffering from the loss of a loved one to a violent act.  She files the bleak stories about  homicides unsolved and unnoticed.  And there are other poignant stories: the late Randolph Evans is remembered through a scholarship fund established in his name;  Francine Davis lost five family members to separate apparently unrelated acts of violence.  At FOVAV’s ADay of Remembrance event last March, Ms. Davis lit candles for three sons and two nephews.  And there are many more –hundreds–on life in the war zone, where there are no winners. AHow many do you want to hear? At any given moment I feel the pain.

   There can be no pretense of understanding the pain a woman like Pat feels when the child she labored with soul, body and heart to bring into this world and raise, is brutally wrenched from life. Wade Denson, Pat’s 17 year-old son, was killed in the Red Hook projects during Labor Day weekend in 1995.  She was told he was slain by a friend who is now in jail.  Wade had graduated from Paul Robeson H.S., that past June, and was looking beyond the streets to higher horizons.

 After her job and her union refused to help pay for Wade’s funeral, Pat called Reverend Daughtry.   AIf it wasn’t for FOVAV, I’d be lost somewhere in space. I went to the union.  They said it was drug related and they couldn’t give me money. But no drugs were found on my son’s body.  I called the House of the Lord Church and spoke to Debra Dawkins, coordinator of FOVAV.  I went to heal, to cry and laugh. No one said, AStop crying.  Now I’m ready to help others recover.
Like Pat, Ammie Council, Vice President of FOVAV, values photographs that bring back moments in time. 

A week before Mother’s Day, Ammie searched for photographs of her son, at the urging of this interviewer.  From stacks of albums, she showed us photographs of her son Kevin Moshe Council in the arc of his shortened life: Kevin as toddler, bright-eyed, ready for the world, six months after his birth at Brooklyn Jewish Hospital.  Kevin, as an elementary school student, just at the point when science and art stirred his imagination; Kevin, as teenager, a  Sterling H.S. student, at that point in a young man’s life where he says he knows the deal,  but the eyes reveal something totally different,  and one of her favorites: a polaroid of Kevin taken with Ammie and his supportive godfather,  Jerome Payne, on Easter Sunday morning.  Then, there is Kevin’s marble headstone monument at the family gravesite at Sweet Rose Cemetery in Estill, S.C, Hampton County, where he was laid to rest in a second funeral at the request of his  great grandmother.  Bring my great grandson home’.

Five months after that last happy Easter Sunday, Ammie, living in Harlem,  filed a Missing Persons report  at the 79th in Brooklyn on her son.  She had not seen him in several days.  He attended Sterling High School in Brooklyn, and sometimes stayed with his grandmother, Catherine Council.  But she had not seen him.  She turned to the 32nd precinct in Manhattan for help, and they in turn contacted the 79th precinct.  At 2am on a Saturday morning in late September 1988, she was awakened by a phone call.  A young man matching the description of her son had been shot and killed, his body lay in the morgue.   Earlier that day, Ms. Council had one of those feelings, a  premonition, that mothers of African descent know so well.  She went into Kevin’s room and dropped to her knees and prayed and cried.  When she stood up she was ready for whatever was to come.  And that’s how she found the strength to take the long subway ride from 145th Street all the way to Brooklyn, alone.   She met her partner Rodney McBain and Kevin’s godfather at the hospital; they had already identified the body. AI went in.  His eyes were open. It was as if he was trying to say, why?   The hospital did not want her to see the body, but she insisted. He had died of bullets causing mortal wounds to the heart, kidney and lungs, the report said.

Information was not forthcoming so she conducted her own investigation into her son’s death.   Although there were witnesses to the shooting, to this day, no one has come forward to report on what happened to Kevin one block from his grandmother’s home the night of September 20, 1988.  All that is known is a young man ran out of a building on Andrews Place across from Kingston Park, and shot her son, then again point blank as he lay on the ground.

AI don’t know what transpired in the park.   The case is still open. Maybe someone will come forward. One moment he’s leaving to go to Brooklyn, the next moment, he’s gone. 
 This June 30, Kevin would have been 27. That’s a day when Ammie becomes more silent than usual.  It is a day she wonders what if. 

She misses birthdays, but she longs for the hard times, too.  AI had my problems with him, trying to get him to stay on the straight-and-narrow but I miss raising my young man.  I miss worrying where he is; when is he coming home; scolding him about grades, about picking up his room.  All those things.   Don’t take any of those moments, for granted, she tells parents. AYes, you are struggling, but you are struggling with children who are very much alive.  Be careful what you wish for.  I used to wish for peace, peace of mind..  He is not here, but that is not the kind of peace  I meant.

  Losing a loved one to violence is devastating to any family,  she said.  The affect is so unbearable – they can’t even begin to see beyond the hurt and pain.  But when you have God in your life, and a supportive group like FOVAV (which has become my extended family), it makes it easier to bear the loss.

As Mother’s Day approaches, greeting cards and telephone calls and dinners out do not come so easily, said Ammie.  Some observers with good intentions tiptoe up to her and other bereft mothers offering this advice: Get over it.  Get on with your life.

What they don’t understand is: this is your life, says Ammie Council. AI look at these photographs. I have these moments.  It is something  and I am strong about it.  Sometimes I get choked up. Sometimes people don’t know how to deal with me.  Especially on Mother’s Day.  They do not wish me Happy Mother’s Day.  He was part of my life. He is my son.  I am a mother.   I can be smiled and hugged and wished, Happy Mother’s Day.

When a tree falls in a forest and no one is there to hear it, does it make a sound?  A tree fell across Black America in Geneva, Switzerland in April, and African Americans in the States would not have heard it were it not for the relentless ten year effort of the Brooklyn based December 12th Movement International Secretariat.

The International Secretariat has become a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) with consultative status at the United Nations.  It was that achievement that allowed them to be present at the 54th session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights  meeting in Geneva when the U.S. Delegation took their axe into the forest.

At an April press conference held at the Center for Constitutional Rights in New York, Secretariat member Amadi Ajamu, who was at the Geneva session,  read the following release.  AA particular resolution put forward by the African Group is being vehemently debated on the floor and is of grave concern for all African people on the Continent and in the Diaspora.
The African Group resolution demands an official apology and sets the framework for reparations from those nations that facilitated and prospered from the Trans-Atlantic African Slave Trade.

The resolution cites the precedents set by certain nations to rectify past atrocities and gross human rights abuses through apologies, compensation, and reparations. The United States delegation to the Commission on Human Rights led by Ambassador Bill Richardson, stated that >Chattel slavery was not a crime against humanity because it was legal in the US. (Emphasis added)  Further, the delegation has taken an opposing position on the question of reparations, and has demanded that >reparations be stricken from the resolution. In so doing, the US delegation does not represent the interests of the majority of Black people in America.

The December 12th Movement International Secretariat is actively mobilizing the Black community nationwide in support of this historic African Group Resolution… The United States and Western Europe must be held accountable for the long centuries of slavery and colonialism forced upon African people.

We’d like to repeat the stunning statement of a diplomatic representative of the U.S. government.  AChattel slavery was not a crime against humanity because it was legal in the US.  This is an impossible position for any civilized person to take.   The text of this press conference should have been in the headline of every newspaper, news-magazine and media outlet across the country.   When an official of the U.S. Government makes that kind of statement, there should be a spasmodic reaction by Black people and their political representatives.  
If chattel slavery is not a crime against humanity, then what is? 

Apparently we need constant reminders of what slavery was.   For hundreds of years, African people, our forebears, our ancestors, were killed and tortured until the survivors worked as slaves.  Then they were treated as livestock and bought and sold as any other livestock would be.   Their labors made the emergence of the United States possible.  And it’s the United States position that this was not a crime against humanity because it was legal at the time?  

White-owned media are worse than useless as a source for information.  They present us with Jesse Jackson talking about ATrade not Aid@, and warm and fuzzy photo-ops of Bill Clinton and Hillary looking at elephants, and holding African babies.   Meanwhile their delegation to the Commission on Human Rights was continuing the rape of black people in America behind closed doors in Geneva.  But this time we know about it because of the determination of the December 12 Movement International Secretariat to work in the international arena.

Omowale Clay, speaking for the Secretariat, said that what is critical now is that there be an outcry that Bill Richardson, by taking the position that slavery was not a gross violation of human rights because it was legal in the United States, cannot represent progressive and African people in this country.    Mr. Clay went on to say that, AWhat the U.S. is really attempting to do is avoid the question of establishing the historical links between the slave trade and the benefits this country received.  Benefits that continue up to this very day. On Monday, April 27, the International Secretariat of the December 12th Movement made a full report to the African Community at The House of the Lord Church, pastored by Reverend Herbert Daughtry in Brooklyn, NY.   

When you first learn American history, people like Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and Patrick AGive me liberty or give me death, Henry, are called Founding Fathers, and held up as heroes. The Declaration of Independence, though written by slaveholders, is held as a statement of universal human rights.

Today, the December 12 Movement, representing the heirs of those slaveholder’s slaves, are among the heroes of today, and are carrying forward that human rights legacy in national and international arenas.

From the Declaration of Independence to Martin Luther King, Jr., the December 12 Movement rests firmly in the mainstream of the American human rights struggle.   
Most people are very familiar with the opening of the second paragraph; AWe hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness…    Lesser known is the listing of grievances against King George.   If you substitute current American institutions, you find that many of these still resonate in the African-American community.  For example, one complaint was, Afor transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offenses.   This speaks directly to the actions taken against Abdul Haqq by the FBI Joint Terrorist Task Force.  Mr. Haqq is a member of the December 12th Movement and an activist who had assisted in founding the Black Men’s Movement Against Crack and helped uncover police participation in drug-trafficking.  
We have personally witnessed Mr. Haqq in the street talking with children about drugs and their future. Since there is ample evidence that the CIA was spending large sums of money in the 1980’s to bring drugs into the community, it is easy to see why the activities of people like Mr. Haqq would be questioned and responded to by those with the most to lose, the criminals working in the criminal justice system.   Mr. Haqq was arrested in New York in March of 1997, transported to Ohio, and put on trial for the Apretended offense of murder.   The trial ended in an acquittal on April 22, 1998, and it represented a tremendous triumph for the Movement, and for attorneys Roger S. Wareham and Terry Gilbert. 
Mr. Wareham is also one of the counsels for the December 12th Movement International Secretariat and is the International General Secretary, for the International Association Against Torture.   

Roger Wareham Reports to the Community
We got into the international work from the position that Malcolm X was correct when he said that if our struggle is to progress, we could not confine it to civil rights, we have to begin talking about human rights.  That we had to take our struggle and put it in the international arena, on the international agenda.  The arena for that is the United Nations.  The year before he was assassinated he was trying to make those connections in terms of the United Nations.
 
AWe (the December 12th Movement), were a part of a Freedom Now’ delegation that went to the United Nations in 1989, to bring to them the issue of political prisoners inside the United States.  What we found when we got there is that there was a real misconception on the international arena around the condition of Black folks… The view they had of Black folks was really more influenced by the Dream Team, Michael Jackson and Michael Jordan.  They thought all of us here were living like that.  That we were all living good. 

It became clear we had to go to square one, because there was so much information and misinformation being spread about our situation that people thought that racism was over inside the United States. 

One of the things that happened when we got there was that there were people from progressive countries who were allies of our struggle, and who took us under their wings and shared their experience so that we did not have to start from scratch.  One of the things they told us was that the United Nations is a forum.  It is a forum for public perceptions and public propaganda.  People don’t free themselves inside the United Nations, but what they do is change international perceptions about their struggle and bring legitimacy to it.   And they said that in order to do that, you have to keep coming.  You can=t come one year and don’t come for another two or three years.  You have to come to the point where when you walk in the hall, people know who you are and they know what you=re there for.  Which means that you’ve got to keep coming.  This was a commitment that we as an organization made, and which was a greater commitment than we had imagined, in terms of the sacrifice of going to Geneva Switzerland twice a year, which is an incredibly expensive place.  But we made that commitment because we were convinced that that was what Malcolm was talking about, and to uphold his legacy we had to do that.  So we started going in 1989 and continued through to today.

In order to participate inside the United Nations, as a nongovernmental organization (NGO), you have to be accredited.  You have to have a track record, etcetera, etcetera.  
So originally as the December 12 Movement, we participated as part of an NGO called the International Association Against Torture.  And it was in that organization that we began to make our impact inside the United Nations.  We did it in terms of the presentations we made at the Commission on Human Rights and the Sub-Commission as well.  We participated in the Third Committee of the General Assembly at the World Conferences on Human Rights, on Development, and on Women. 

We had a strategic goal of winning the international community over to the fact that we were an oppressed nation and that we have a national liberation struggle, that we have a right to self-determination, that we were not simply a minority inside the United States.                                                                           

In order to push that question, tactically we had to begin by discussing the question of racism.  Because as Viola (Plummer) was saying, that’s the language they understand.   Malcolm was a master of that.  He said when you go into an arena, you have to speak the language that the people speak, and they understood racism.  In presenting the facts of racism, in presenting our situation by the statistics that the United States government itself provides, it became clear that on every level we were no different in our relationship to the United States than Jamaica was to the United States, or Trinidad is to Great Britain, or any other colony is to a colonizer.  

We entered in 1989, when the whole world geopolitical situation was changing. The Soviet Union was disintegrating, there was no longer a socialist block that would take up the interests of national liberation struggles.  The United States had assumed the role of being the only superpower and assumed a real dominance inside the United Nations.  So we were pushing a rock up a hill.  Some people said that it was hopeless, that we’d never get the United Nations to investigate the United States in this period of time.   We took the position that no one could tell us what we couldn’t do. 

Our whole existence in the United States is proof positive that we shouldn’t even be here if we listen to what other people say.  We went there with the position that the United States was the major human rights violator in the world, and that the United Nations needed to investigate that.   From that struggle, from those meetings, from the interventions we made, from the discussions we had with different countries and folks, from the information we presented, and the way we presented it, in 1993 the United Nations appointed a Special Rapporteur on the theme of racism and racial discrimination.   They said that wasn’t going to happen.  Then we pushed for him to go to the United States first.  They said that wasn’t going to happen.  He came to the United States first, he issued a report, and to this day the United States is still upset about the report.  They say he distorted stuff, he was shallow, but it’s on the record, his findings of continued racism in the United States. 

Last year we were successful in having the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial and summary executions come to the United States.  He did a scathing report around the question of the death penalty and around the questions of police killings in the United States.  His report was presented a few weeks ago…(as a result) the United States was forced to ratify an international covenant on international and civil rights where one of the things they talk about was eliminating the death penalty and the United States wasn’t going to give that up, and another was executing juveniles, and the United States wasn’t going to give that up.  So they signed it with the reservations that the U.S. could still execute juveniles and others.  So this report exposed the hypocrisy of the United States.  That’s an example of what we can accomplish in terms of perceptions in the international arena. 
Last year the December 12 Movement got its own status as an NGO, so we can now participate as a full NGO with consultative status before the United Nations. 

Publisher’s Comment
It is apparent that the December 12th Movement is becoming more and more effective, and pose a threat to very dangerous people and their interests.   As they continue to work and succeed, it is easy to see that the way society allocates its resources could change, changing fortunes and the direction of the nation.  There are people who don’t want this to happen, and they are capable of doing absolutely anything.  You need only look at what they have already done.  

As the civil rights struggle shifted from civil rights to human rights, these people, in and out of government, killed Martin Luther King and began the heavy importation of drugs and arms into Black communities.   The loss of lives and the human potential is meaningless to them.   This is evident as whole industries spring up around the desire to subjugate, imprison, and kill Black and Brown people.  To destroy their families, to mis-educate and under-educate, in short, to restrict and constrict the human spirit of Black and Brown people by using any means necessary. 

This is why it is important that the African-American community know as much about the work of the December 12 Movement as possible.  In the same way the forces of the state came for Abdul Haqq, they are capable of coming for others.  In the warning words of an 1851 poster addressed to the AColored People of Boston@, AKeep a Sharp Look Out for Kidnappers, and have TOP EYE open. 

-DG

& THE UNITED STATES

 When a tree falls in a forest and no one is there to hear it, does it make a sound?  A tree fell across Black America in Geneva, Switzerland in April, and African Americans in the States would not have heard it were it not for the relentless ten year effort of the Brooklyn based December 12th Movement International Secretariat.

The International Secretariat has become a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) with consultative status at the United Nations.  It was that achievement that allowed them to be present at the 54th session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights  meeting in Geneva when the U.S. Delegation took their axe into the forest.

At an April press conference held at the Center for Constitutional Rights in New York, Secretariat member Amadi Ajamu, who was at the Geneva session,  read the following release.  AA particular resolution put forward by the African Group is being vehemently debated on the floor and is of grave concern for all African people on the Continent and in the Diaspora.
AThe African Group resolution demands an official apology and sets the framework for reparations from those nations that facilitated and prospered from the Trans-Atlantic African Slave Trade.

The resolution cites the precedents set by certain nations to rectify past atrocities and gross human rights abuses through apologies, compensation, and reparations. The United States delegation to the Commission on Human Rights led by Ambassador Bill Richardson, stated that >Chattel slavery was not a crime against humanity because it was legal in the US.= (Emphasis added)  Further, the delegation has taken an opposing position on the question of reparations, and has demanded that >reparations’ be stricken from the resolution. In so doing, the US delegation does not represent the interests of the majority of Black people in America.

The December 12th Movement International Secretariat is actively mobilizing the Black community nationwide in support of this historic African Group Resolution… The United States and Western Europe must be held accountable for the long centuries of slavery and colonialism forced upon African people.@
We’d like to repeat the stunning statement of a diplomatic representative of the U.S. government.  AChattel slavery was not a crime against humanity because it was legal in the US.@  This is an impossible position for any civilized person to take.   The text of this press conference should have been in the headline of every newspaper, news-magazine and media outlet across the country.   When an official of the U.S. Government makes that kind of statement, there should be a spasmodic reaction by Black people and their political representatives.  
If chattel slavery is not a crime against humanity, then what is? 

Apparently we need constant reminders of what slavery was.   For hundreds of years, African people, our forebears, our ancestors, were killed and tortured until the survivors worked as slaves.  Then they were treated as livestock and bought and sold as any other livestock would be.   Their labors made the emergence of the United States possible.  And it’s the United States position that this was not a crime against humanity because it was legal at the time?  

White-owned media are worse than useless as a source for information.  They present us with Jesse Jackson talking about ATrade not Aid@, and warm and fuzzy photo-ops of Bill Clinton and Hillary looking at elephants, and holding African babies.   Meanwhile their delegation to the Commission on Human Rights was continuing the rape of black people in America behind closed doors in Geneva.  But this time we know about it because of the determination of the December 12 Movement International Secretariat to work in the international arena.

Omowale Clay, speaking for the Secretariat, said that what is critical now is that there be an outcry that Bill Richardson, by taking the position that slavery was not a gross violation of human rights because it was legal in the United States, cannot represent progressive and African people in this country.    Mr. Clay went on to say that, What the U.S. is really attempting to do is avoid the question of establishing the historical links between the slave trade and the benefits this country received.  Benefits that continue up to this very day.  On Monday, April 27, the International Secretariat of the December 12th Movement made a full report to the African Community at The House of the Lord Church, pastored by Reverend Herbert Daughtry in Brooklyn, NY.   

When you first learn American history, people like Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and Patrick AGive me liberty or give me death, Henry, are called Founding Fathers, and held up as heroes. The Declaration of Independence, though written by slaveholders, is held as a statement of universal human rights.

Today, the December 12 Movement, representing the heirs of those slaveholder=s slaves, are among the heroes of today, and are carrying forward that human rights legacy in national and international arenas.

From the Declaration of Independence to Martin Luther King, Jr., the December 12 Movement rests firmly in the mainstream of the American human rights struggle.   
Most people are very familiar with the opening of the second paragraph; AWe hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness…   Lesser known is the listing of grievances against King George.   If you substitute current American institutions, you find that many of these still resonate in the African-American community.  For example, one complaint was, Afor transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offenses.   This speaks directly to the actions taken against Abdul Haqq by the FBI Joint Terrorist Task Force.  Mr. Haqq is a member of the December 12th Movement and an activist who had assisted in founding the Black Men’s Movement Against Crack and helped uncover police participation in drug-trafficking.  

We have personally witnessed Mr. Haqq in the street talking with children about drugs and their future. Since there is ample evidence that the CIA was spending large sums of money in the 1980’s to bring drugs into the community, it is easy to see why the activities of people like Mr. Haqq would be questioned and responded to by those with the most to lose, the criminals working in the criminal justice system.   Mr. Haqq was arrested in New York in March of 1997, transported to Ohio, and put on trial for the Apretended offense of murder.   The trial ended in an acquittal on April 22, 1998, and it represented a tremendous triumph for the Movement, and for attorneys Roger S. Wareham and Terry Gilbert. 

Mr. Wareham is also one of the counsels for the December 12th Movement International Secretariat and is the International General Secretary, for the International Association Against Torture.   

Roger Wareham Reports to the Community
We got into the international work from the position that Malcolm X was correct when he said that if our struggle is to progress, we could not confine it to civil rights, we have to begin talking about human rights.  That we had to take our struggle and put it in the international arena, on the international agenda.  The arena for that is the United Nations.  The year before he was assassinated he was trying to make those connections in terms of the United Nations.
 
We (the December 12th Movement), were a part of a AFreedom Now’ delegation that went to the United Nations in 1989, to bring to them the issue of political prisoners inside the United States.  What we found when we got there is that there was a real misconception on the international arena around the condition of Black folks…. The view they had of Black folks was really more influenced by the Dream Team, Michael Jackson and Michael Jordan.  They thought all of us here were living like that.  That we were all living good. 
It became clear we had to go to square one, because there was so much information and misinformation being spread about our situation that people thought that racism was over inside the United States. 

One of the things that happened when we got there was that there were people from progressive countries who were allies of our struggle, and who took us under their wings and shared their experience so that we did not have to start from scratch.  One of the things they told us was that the United Nations is a forum.  It is a forum for public perceptions and public propaganda.  People don’t free themselves inside the United Nations, but what they do is change international perceptions about their struggle and bring legitimacy to it.   And they said that in order to do that, you have to keep coming.  You can’t come one year and don’t come for another two or three years.  You have to come to the point where when you walk in the hall, people know who you are and they know what you’re there for.  Which means that you’ve got to keep coming.  This was a commitment that we as an organization made, and which was a greater commitment than we had imagined, in terms of the sacrifice of going to Geneva Switzerland twice a year, which is an incredibly expensive place.  But we made that commitment because we were convinced that that was what Malcolm was talking about, and to uphold his legacy we had to do that.  So we started going in 1989 and continued through to today.

In order to participate inside the United Nations, as a nongovernmental organization (NGO), you have to be accredited.  You have to have a track record, etcetera, etcetera.  

So originally as the December 12 Movement, we participated as part of an NGO called the International Association Against Torture.  And it was in that organization that we began to make our impact inside the United Nations.  We did it in terms of the presentations we made at the Commission on Human Rights and the Sub-Commission as well.  We participated in the Third Committee of the General Assembly at the World Conferences on Human Rights, on Development, and on Women. 

We had a strategic goal of winning the international community over to the fact that we were an oppressed nation and that we have a national liberation struggle, that we have a right to self-determination, that we were not simply a minority inside the United States. 
                                                                          
In order to push that question, tactically we had to begin by discussing the question of racism.  Because as Viola (Plummer) was saying, that’s the language they understand.   Malcolm was a master of that.  He said when you go into an arena, you have to speak the language that the people speak, and they understood racism.  In presenting the facts of racism, in presenting our situation by the statistics that the United States government itself provides, it became clear that on every level we were no different in our relationship to the United States than Jamaica was to the United States, or Trinidad is to Great Britain, or any other colony is to a colonizer.  

We entered in 1989, when the whole world geopolitical situation was changing. The Soviet Union was disintegrating, there was no longer a socialist block that would take up the interests of national liberation struggles.  The United States had assumed the role of being the only superpower and assumed a real dominance inside the United Nations.  So we were pushing a rock up a hill.  Some people said that it was hopeless, that we’d never get the United Nations to investigate the United States in this period of time.   We took the position that no one could tell us what we couldn’t do. 

Our whole existence in the United States is proof positive that we shouldn’t even be here if we listen to what other people say.  We went there with the position that the United States was the major human rights violator in the world, and that the United Nations needed to investigate that.   From that struggle, from those meetings, from the interventions we made, from the discussions we had with different countries and folks, from the information we presented, and the way we presented it, in 1993 the United Nations appointed a Special Rapporteur on the theme of racism and racial discrimination.   They said that wasn’t going to happen.  Then we pushed for him to go to the United States first.  They said that wasn’t going to happen.  He came to the United States first, he issued a report, and to this day the United States is still upset about the report.  They say he distorted stuff, he was shallow, but it’s on the record, his findings of continued racism in the United States. 

Last year we were successful in having the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial and summary executions come to the United States.  He did a scathing report around the question of the death penalty and around the questions of police killings in the United States.  His report was presented a few weeks ago…(as a result) the United States was forced to ratify an international covenant on international and civil rights where one of the things they talk about was eliminating the death penalty and the United States wasn’t going to give that up, and another was executing juveniles, and the United States wasn’t going to give that up.  So they signed it with the reservations that the U.S. could still execute juveniles and others.  So this report exposed the hypocrisy of the United States.  That’s an example of what we can accomplish in terms of perceptions in the international arena. 

Last year the December 12 Movement got its own status as an NGO, so we can now participate as a full NGO with consultative status before the United Nations. 

Publisher’s Comment
It is apparent that the December 12th Movement is becoming more and more effective, and pose a threat to very dangerous people and their interests.   As they continue to work and succeed, it is easy to see that the way society allocates its resources could change, changing fortunes and the direction of the nation.  There are people who don’t want this to happen, and they are capable of doing absolutely anything.  You need only look at what they have already done.  

As the civil rights struggle shifted from civil rights to human rights, these people, in and out of government, killed Martin Luther King and began the heavy importation of drugs and arms into Black communities.   The loss of lives and the human potential is meaningless to them.   This is evident as whole industries spring up around the desire to subjugate, imprison, and kill Black and Brown people.  To destroy their families, to mis-educate and under-educate, in short, to restrict and constrict the human spirit of Black and Brown people by using any means necessary. 

This is why it is important that the African-American community know as much about the work of the December 12 Movement as possible.  In the same way the forces of the state came for Abdul Haqq, they are capable of coming for others.  In the warning words of an 1851 poster addressed to the AColored People of Boston, AKeep a Sharp Look Out for Kidnappers, and have TOP EYE open.

– DG

During February and March, students seek subjects for essay assignments centering on black leaders and female role models.   They are encouraged to focus on the familiar, extraordinary heroes and heroines.   Yet, the happenings in the circle of our own daily lives, outside the realm of history books, inform us of many more pacesetters who should be added to the pantheon of  Ahonored citizens.  Thanks to an alert from Brooklyn’s-own  Children’s Times Associates, we have learned about a new,  must-read book  that attempts to correct this in terms of the Apanoramic story of black women.    for teachers, parents, students and everyone else:  Darlene Clark Hine and Kathleen Thompson’s A SHINING THREAD OF HOPE: The History of Black Women in America is for everyone:students, teachers, parents, young and older.    Informative and inspiring, THREAD OF HOPE chronicles, in the words from the book’s cover,  the lives of black  women from indentured servitude in the early American colonies to the cruelty of antebellum plantations, from the reign of the lynch law in the Jim Crow South to the triumphs of the Civil Rights era.  Tracing the accomplishments as well as the suffering of black women through the Great Migration, the Harlem Renaissance, the Depression, the Civil Rights movment and the present day,  Hine and Thompson challenge preconceived notions and move black women from the fringes of American history  to a central position in our understanding of the forces and events that have shaped this country.  More than a story of struggle, black women’s history is very much a story of hope. …  This book tells the stories of  unheralded women whose lives and work still impact on all of us, but whose names are virtually unknown.   Of immediate consideration, for this month,  is  Mabel  K. Staupers.   Due to her efforts during World War II, Nurse’s Day, in  May,  is a salute to nurses of color, as well.  Hine and Thompson  remind us that  Stauper’s aggressive fight against quotas established by the U.S. Army Nurse Corps led  to the end of discriminatory practices against Black nurses in the army and navy (January 10, 1945).   Stauper helped Ato dispel entrenched beliefs about the alleged inferiority of black health-care professionals and paved the way for the integration of the American Nurses’ Association. In a related note,  The Children’s Times Associates is spearheading a movement to have a school  in New York named after Mabel K. Staupers.  Clara Barton is so honored.  Why not Mabel K. Staupers?